Umxholo
- Ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho izichaphazela njani izigqibo zokugcinwa komntwana
- 1. Uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho
- 2. Ngoobani amaxhoba
- 3. Ubudala bokugwetywa
- 4. Uhlobo lwesivakalisi
- 5. Iinkolelo ezininzi
- Ukugxothwa kunganceda njani kwidabi lokugcina umntwana
- Ulwaphulo-mthetho olungenakwandiswa kwi-NJ
- Iziqinisekiso zokugxothwa eNew Jersey
Iijaji zeNkundla yoSapho yaseNew Jersey zithatha uninzi lwezinto xa zithatha izigqibo malunga nokugcinwa komntwana, ezinje ngozinzo kwezemali, indawo ahlala kuyo umntu, kunye nomgangatho womlinganiswa ngamnye wabazali.
Isimilo sizithoba kakhulu, kwaye inye kuphela into esetyenziswa ngabagwebi ukumisela umgangatho womlinganiswa nokuba ingaba umzali unerekhodi lolwaphulo-mthetho na.
Abazali abanezigwebo zangaphambili baya kuhlala begwetywa ngokuqatha kunaleyo ingenayo, enokuchaphazela inani lokugcina okanye amalungelo okundwendwela umzali (ukuba akhona). Ngokuchanekileyo indlela irekhodi lolwaphulo-mthetho eliya kusichaphazela ngayo isigqibo sokugcina umntu kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha ezithile zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba abazali banokuwaphucula amathuba abo okufumana okanye okugcina abantwana ngokuveza irekhodi labo.
Ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho izichaphazela njani izigqibo zokugcinwa komntwana
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ijaji iya kujonga ityala kwaye yenze isigqibo ngesimilo somzali kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukuba ngumzali ngokusekwe kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokugweba:
1. Uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho
Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezinobundlobongela ezinjengokuphanga nokutshisa impahla ziya kugwetywa ngokuqatha kunamatyala amancinci, afana nokuba izinto ezivenkileni okanye ukonakalisa impahla.
Ukongeza, ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokwesondo kunye nobundlobongela basekhaya ukugwetywa kunokuthwala umngcipheko omkhulu wokuphulukana nokugcinwa. Xa omnye umzali elixhoba lokugwetyelwa ubundlobongela basekhaya, iNew Jersey inombono wokuba umzali ongonanga uya kugcina abantwana. Nangona kunjalo, le ntelekelelo ayimiselanga.
2. Ngoobani amaxhoba
Ulwaphulo-mthetho olubandakanya amaxhoba luya kuba nzima ngakumbi kwizigqibo zokugcinwa kwabantwana. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba ixhoba ngomnye wabantwana okanye iqabane. Ijaji kunokwenzeka ukuba icinge ukuba ukuba umzali wenzakalise umntwana kwaba kanye, unokuphinda ayenze kwakhona.
3. Ubudala bokugwetywa
Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezindala ziya kuba nempembelelo encinci. Umzali okhokele ubomi bokugcina umthetho iminyaka emininzi unethuba elihle lokubonisa ukuba ubuguqulile ubomi bakhe kwaye ngoku ungumntu onoxanduva. Kulungile, ulwaphulo-mthetho oludala kunokwenzeka ukuba lubonakaliswe.
4. Uhlobo lwesivakalisi
Umntu ofumana isigwebo esincitshisiweyo ugwetywa ngengqawule kunasejele, okanye ongena (kwaye agqibe) inkqubo yoluleko efana ne-Pre-Trial Intervention, i-Conditional Discharge, okanye inkqubo yenkundla yeziyobisi uya kujongwa kakuhle kunalowo unikiweyo ixesha elide entolongweni.
Ngelixa ingesosiqinisekiso sokuyekelela kwiNkundla yoSapho, ibonisa ukuba ijaji yenkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho yabona isizathu sokulula kumzali.
5. Iinkolelo ezininzi
Abazali abaqhubeka bebaleka umthetho, nokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho alunabundlobongela, banokubonwa njengabanengxaki yokumamela igunya kunye nokusilela ukuzeyisa.
Emehlweni ejaji yeNkundla yoSapho, oku kwenza ukuba umntu ongumzekelo ongafanelekanga kwaye anganciphisa okanye aphelise ukhetho lokugcina abantwana.
Ukugxothwa kunganceda njani kwidabi lokugcina umntwana
Ukukhutshelwa kwerekhodi lolwaphulo-mthetho kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ngokungathandabuzekiyo amathuba okugcina okanye ukugcina ngokupheleleyo abantwana bakho. Ngokususwa kwengxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho, iinkcukacha zetyala — kubandakanya ukubanjwa kunye nokugwetywa-azibonwa ngabantu abaninzi.
Ngelixa uninzi lwamaqumrhu, anjengabaqeshi kunye nabanini bezindlu, angazukubabona kwaphela, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ijaji yeNkundla yoSapho ibone ubunyani beli tyala.
Oko kwathiwa, ukugxothwa kunika ithuba kumzali ofuna ukugcina umntwana okanye abantwana ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Ibonisa ukuba umzali wanelise ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iimfuno zokugweba.
- Kuyangqina ukuba umzali akaphindanga wabuyela kwityala lakhe, ngesiqhelo iminyaka eliqela.
- Kuthetha ukuba kwa le jaji inye (okanye ijaji eyahlukileyo kwinkundla enye) igqibe ekubeni umzali ukuphucule ukuma kwakhe ekuhlaleni kwaye uzama ngenene ukuba ngumntu olunge ngakumbi.
Kwezinye iimeko, umntu unokufaka ifayile yoPhuculo lwendlela yokuqala. Oko kuthetha ukuba lo mntu ukwazile ukuyicima irekhodi lakhe kwakamsinyane kunesiqhelo kuba kuluncedo kuluntu.
Uninzi lwabantu lufaka iFayile yendlela yokuPheliswa kwangethuba ukuze bafaneleke ngoncedo lwezezimali ukugqiba isidanga okanye ukufumana ilayisensi yobungcali.
Abo banikwe i-Early Pathway Expungement kufuneka badibane nomthwalo owongezelelweyo wokubonisa ukuba ukucinywa komntu kunomdla kuluntu. Ukuhlangabezana nalo mthwalo kunokwenzeka (ngoncedo lwegqwetha) kwaye uhlala kakuhle kwisigqibo sokugcina.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho olungenakwandiswa kwi-NJ
INew Jersey ayivumelekanga umntu ekugxothweni kwamatyala amaninzi olwaphulo-mthetho. Oku kubandakanya:
- Ukuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo
- Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
- Isiphithiphithi
- Ukutshisa
- Iyelenqe
- Ukufa ngokuzenzekelayo
- Ukubeka emngciphekweni iNtlalontle yomntwana
- Ukuvalelwa ngokungeyonyani
- Ukufunga Okungeyonyani
- Ukunyanzelwa kweSodomy
- Ukuqweqwedisa
- Ukuhenda okanye ukuhenda
- Ukubulawa kwabantu
- Ukubulala
- Ubuxoki
- Udlwengulo
- Ukuphanga
Ukongeza, umntu akanakukhupha isigwebo se-DWI. I-DWI ayithathwa njengolwaphulo-mthetho yiNew Jersey; lityala lezendlela, nangona libaluleke kakhulu. I-DWI inakho kwaye iyakuchaphazela imeko yokugcinwa komntu, kodwa okudala ityala linempembelelo encinci.
Nokuba uluhlu olo lubonakala ngathi lukhulu kangakanani, lude kakhulu kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho oluninzi lusenokuchazwa. Oku kubandakanya ubusela, uhlaselo olulula, ukophula izixhobo, ukweba ezivenkileni, ukuqhekeza, ukulandela, ukuphathwa gadalala, kunye nolwaphulo mthetho.
Iziqinisekiso zokugxothwa eNew Jersey
Ukuze umntu acinywe kwirekhodi lakhe lolwaphulo-mthetho, umntu kufuneka:
- Ugqibile konke ukugwetywa kwaye uhlawule isohlwayo.
- Awunamalungelo angaphezu kwamane abantu abagwetyiweyo okanye abathathu abagwetyiweyo abanetyala kunye netyala elinye elinetyala.
- Andizange ndagwetywa amatyala athile okungafaneleki (jonga ngasentla).
- Linda phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 neminyaka emi-6 ukusuka ekugqityweni kwesigwebo, kuxhomekeke kwisenzo eso.
- Zimasa kumanyelwa (okanye ube negqwetha lenza oko egameni lomzali) kwaye unike ijaji isizathu sokuba ekufaneleyo ukugxothwa.
Umntu ohlangabezana nale migaqo uthathwa njengokufanelekile ukuba angachithwa. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iGqwetha leSithili lommandla apho ulwaphulo-mthetho lwaluzanywa khona ukuchasa. Ezi nkcaso ziya kuqatshelwa kwingxoxo kwaye umzali kuya kufuneka azikhusele okanye igqwetha likhusele ilungelo lomzali lokuxothwa.