Umxholo
- Imbali yomtshato wesini esifanayo kunye nomtshato wesini e-US
- Ulawulo luka-2015
- Izibonelelo zezemali
- Izibonelelo zeemvakalelo
- Izibonelelo zabantwana
Ukulingana koMtshato e-USA ligama lombutho owasekwa ngonyaka we-1996, okwabizwa ngokuba sisicatshulwa seMEUSA. Umbutho ongenzi ngeniso obhalisiweyo oqhutywa ngamavolontiya ngenjongo yokukhuthaza ukulingana kwe-LGBTQ (isini lesini, isini, isini, isini, isifungo) kuluntu. Injongo yabo kukufuna umtshato wesini esifanayo ubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni okanye banamalungelo alinganayo omtshato anikwa izibini kunye neentsapho ze-LGBT.
Ngo-1998, umbutho waqala njenge-Equality Through Marriage, .kwaye waba nendibano yawo yokuqala ebizwa ngokuba yi-Marriage Equality 101 ukufundisa ngokubaluleka komtshato.
Imbali yomtshato wesini esifanayo kunye nomtshato wesini e-US
Ngo-1924, Umbutho wokuqala wamalungelo oluntu wasekwa eChicago ngokumisela ngokusemthethweni umtshato wesini. Lo Mbutho nguHenry Gerber ukwazise incwadana yeendaba yokuqala yesini ukuze ibenomdla kuluntu lwe-LGBTQ.
Ngo-1928, URadclyffe Hall, imbongi yesiNgesi, nombhali opapashiweyo ‘Iqula Lobulolo’ oko kwabangela iimpikiswano ezininzi. Ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, amaNazi afuzisela la madoda ngebheji yePinki Triangle kwaye awanika abaxhaphazi ngokwesondo.
Ngo-1950, IMatachine Foundation yasekwa nguHarry Hay njengeqela lamalungelo esini eLos Angeles. Injongo yayikukuphucula ubomi boluntu lwe-LGBTQ.
Ngo-1960, amalungelo esini afumana umfutho kwaye abantu baqala ukuphuma ngaphezulu kunangaphambili ukuthetha ngesizathu. Umbuso waseIllinois waba ngowokuqala ukupasisa umthetho wokwenza ubufanasini bube semthethweni.
Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ngo-1969, Uqhushululu lwaseStonewall lwenzeka. Ngokutsho kwemithombo, olu Hlaselo lwaseStonewall lwadlala indima ekuqaliseni intshukumo yamalungelo abantu besini esahlukileyo eMelika nakwilizwe liphela.
Ngo-1970, ezinye iindawo zesiXeko saseNew York zimatsha zisenza isikhumbuzo soQhushululu lwaseStonewall.
Ngo-1977, INkundla ePhakamileyo yaphuma nesigwebo sokuba uRenée Richards, umfazi oguqukayo, unelungelo lokudlala itumente ye-tennis evulekileyo yase-United States. Amandla anje ayindlela enkulu yokubonelela ngamalungelo oluntu kuluntu lwe-LGBTQ. Kungekudala ngo-1978, uHarvey Milk, indoda evulekileyo yesini, wafumana isihlalo kwiofisi yoluntu yaseMelika.
Ngo-1992, UBill Clinton uze nomgaqo othi “Sukubuza, sukuXela” (DADT) ukunika amadoda nabafazi abathandana nabasetyhini ilungelo lokuya emkhosini ngaphandle kokuchaza ubunikazi babo. Umgaqo-nkqubo awuzange uxhaswe luluntu kwaye wachithwa ngo-2011.
Ngo-1992, ISithili saseColumbia saba lilizwe lokuqala ukubhalisa ngokusemthethweni umtshato wesini kunye nerejista njengamaqabane asekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, xa umtshato wesini esifanayo wasemthethweni, kwiminyaka ethile kamva, ngo-1998, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseHawaii yawisa umthetho wokutshata kwabantu abathandana besisini esinye.
Ngo-2009, UMongameli u-Barrack Obama wanikela phambili kuMthetho ka-Matthew Shepard owawuthetha ukuba lonke uhlaselo olusekwe ekuqhelaneni nesondo lulwaphulo-mthetho.
Ke, wawubhaliswa nini ngokusemthethweni umtshato wase-US?
IMassachusetts yayililizwe lokuqala ukubhalisa ngokusemthethweni umtshato wabantu besini esinye, kwaye umtshato wokuqala waqhutywa Ngomhla we-17 kuMeyi 2004. Ngale mini, ezinye izibini ezingama-27 zatshata emva kokufumana amalungelo kurhulumente.
E-USA nangaphaya
Ukusukela ngoJulayi 2015, onke amazwe angamashumi amahlanu e-USA anamalungelo omtshato alinganayo kwizibini ezitshatileyo kunye nabantu abatshatileyo. Vula Nge-26 kaJuni 2015, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yaseMelika yagweba ngokulingana emtshatweni, ngokoluvo lwesininzi, kwaye yanika imvume kumthetho womtshato wabantu besini esinye.
Oku akubanga kumalungelo alinganayo kuphela kodwa nakukhuseleko olulinganayo kwimanyano yomtshato.
Ulawulo luka-2015
Isigwebo sifundwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Akukho manyano lubaluleke ngaphezu komtshato, kuba lubonisa ezona mfuno ziphakamileyo zothando, ukuthembeka, ukuzinikela, ukuzincama, kunye nosapho. Ekusekeni umanyano lomtshato, abantu ababini baba yinto enkulu kunakuqala. Njengoko abanye babakhongi kwezi meko bebonisa, umtshato uquka uthando olunokunyamezela kwanokufa okudlulileyo. Bekungayiqondi kakuhle la madoda nabafazi ukuba bayalihlonipha imbono yomtshato. Isibongozo sabo kukuba bayayihlonipha, bayihlonele ngokunzulu kangangokuba bafuna ukuzifumanela bona ukuzaliseka. Ithemba labo alinakugwetywa ukuhlala kwisizungu, ngaphandle kwelinye lamaziko amadala empucuko. Bacela isidima esilinganayo emehlweni omthetho. UMgaqo-siseko ubanika elo lungelo.
Ngaphandle kwe-USA, maninzi amanye amazwe ehlabathini avumela abantu abatshatileyo ukuba batshate. Oku kubandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iNetherlands, iBelgium, iSpain, uMzantsi Afrika, iUruguay, iNew Zealand kunye neCanada.
Ixesha elingaphezulu, isenzo sokulingana emtshatweni siye safumana ukwamkelwa. Ngokutsho kwe-USA Today,
Bangaphezu kwama-500,000 abantu abatshatileyo abatshatileyo eUnited States abatshatileyo, kubandakanya malunga nama-300,000 abatshatileyo ukusukela kwisigqibo sika-2015.
Kwenye yeevidiyo ezonwabileyo apha ngezantsi, jonga indlela abahlali abasabela ngayo emva kokuphumelela umlo omde:
Izibonelelo zezemali
Indawo enye ebaluleke kakhulu kubo nabaphi na abantu abatshatileyo yimali kunye nenxalenye yokwabelana ngemali emtshatweni.
E-USA, kukho inani elibonakalayo lezibonelelo ze-Federal kunye noxanduva olusebenza kuphela kubantu abatshatileyo. Xa kufikwa kwizinto ezinje ngepenshini kunye nokhuseleko kwezentlalo, abatshati banokuxhamla kwezemali. Isibini esitshatileyo siphathwa njengeyunithi ngokwembuyekezo yerhafu edibeneyo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo edibeneyo yeinshurensi.
Izibonelelo zeemvakalelo
Emva kwemithetho yokulingana emtshatweni, abantu abatshatileyo bahlala bonwabela izibonelelo zeemvakalelo kwaye bahlala ixesha elide kunabo bangatshatanga. Kukholelwa ukuba ukubamba ilungelo lokutshata kuyingozi kwimpilo yengqondo yabantu abatshatileyo. Ngokulingana emtshatweni, banokonwabela uhlobo olufanayo lwenqanaba, ukhuseleko kunye nokwamkelwa njengabalingani babo besini esahlukileyo.
Izibonelelo zabantwana
Kwisigwebo seNkundla ePhakamileyo sokulingana emtshatweni, ukubonakala kokungakwazi kwabantu abatshatileyo ukuba bavelise abantwana akubonwa njengesizathu esaneleyo sokungatshati. Isigwebo sibandakanya injongo yokukhusela abantwana abafunyenwe ngezinye iindlela kumtshato wesini esifanayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuluncedo emntwaneni ukuba nabazali abanolwalamano olwamkelwe ngokusemthethweni, kubandakanya izibonelelo zomthetho kunye nokukhuselwa ngokusemthethweni.
Ukumiselwa ngokusemthethweni komtshato wamafanasini ibikukulwa okude kakhulu. Kodwa azikho iindaba ezimnandi zokuba yonke imizamo, umlo kunye nobunzima bezifanelekile. Yimpumelelo!