Amanqanaba ama-4 woqhawulo-mtshato nokwahlukana

Umbhali: Louise Ward
Umhla Wokudalwa: 6 Eyomdumba 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 1 Eyekhala 2024
Anonim
Amanqanaba ama-4 woqhawulo-mtshato nokwahlukana - I-Psychology
Amanqanaba ama-4 woqhawulo-mtshato nokwahlukana - I-Psychology

Umxholo

Ngeendlela ezininzi uqhawulo-mtshato lufana nokufelwa ngumntu omthandayo, kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kunye nosizi. Itshintsha ubume bosapho ngonaphakade. Uqhawulo-mtshato lubangela ukulahleka kwamathemba namaphupha malunga nokuba umtshato nosapho kufanele ukuba yintoni.

Akukho mntu unamava oqhawulo mtshato. Ukutshintsha kwenqanaba lokutshata ungatshati kunokubonisa ubunzima obahlukeneyo kulungelelwaniso lweemvakalelo kubantu abazichaze ikakhulu ukuba batshatile kwaye badityanisiwe.

Indlela umntu ahlangabezana ngayo noqhawulo-mtshato ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: imeko yezentlalo noqoqosho, ikweyiphi inqanaba lomjikelo wobomi abakuyo, nokuba ngaba uqhawulo-mtshato "lolobuhlobo" okanye "luchasayo".

Nangona kunjalo, impendulo yomntu kutshintsho iya kwahluka ngombono wakhe kunye namava akhe. Abanye babona uqhawulo-mtshato njengokusilela kunye noxinzelelo kumava, ngelixa abanye bechaza ukuba yinkululeko kwaye bafumana isiqabu. Uninzi luwela kwindawo ethile embindini.


Amanqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato achazwe apha ayafana namanqanaba umntu ahamba kuwo xa esentlungwini yokusweleka. Zizikhokelo nje eziqhelekileyo. Abanye abantu banokuzifumana ngokulandelelana kwazo; abanye banokufumana amanqanaba ambalwa, kodwa hayi onke. Ukanti abanye banokungafumani mava konke konke. Inqaku lelokuba uqhawulo-mtshato yinkqubo, kwaye isenokungabi yinkqubo efanayo kuye wonke umntu njengoko kuhamba ngamanqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato kuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo kubantu abohlukeneyo.

Nangona indlela umntu asabela ngayo kwinkqubo yoqhawulo mtshato yahlukile, kukho uthotho oluqhelekileyo nolunokuqikelelwa ngamanqanaba engqondo abanye abadlulayo.

Amanqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato kumqalisi woqhawulo mtshato ahlukile kunamanqanaba oqhawulo mtshato kulowo ungakhange aqalise. Umqalisi kuqhawulo-mtshato uva iintlungu zentlungu kunye nosizi ngaphambi kokuba angaqali. Umntu ongamqalisiyo ufumana ubunzima kunye noxinzelelo emva kokuba beve ilizwi, uqhawulo mtshato. Yiloo nto lo mbuzo uthi, “kuya kude kube nini na ukuluqhawula umtshato?” ineempendulo ezahlukeneyo zomqalisi kunye nezingamqalisi.


Amanqanaba amane anokubhalwa njengokukhanyela, ukungqubana, ukungahambelani kunye nokwamkelwa. Ukwaziswa kwala manqanaba kuya kunceda ukuqonda ukuba uhlengahlengiso kuqhawulo mtshato yinkqubo endaweni yesiganeko esinye. Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ukwenza uncamathiselo olomeleleyo emntwini nakubantu abathile, ukuba ukwahlukana kwenzeka emva kweli xesha, kuhlala kubandakanya ukusabela okubizwa ngokuba kukothuka.

Inqanaba lokuqala kumanqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato ikakhulu lubonakaliswa ngokungakhathali kunye nokwahlukana ukothuka. Umntu unokufumana ukukhululeka, ukuphazamiseka, okanye ukwethuka. (Uncedo ludla ngokuvakala xa uqhawulo-mtshato lwandisiwe, lwatsalwa). Eyona mpendulo iqhelekileyo yokwahlukana kukoyika ukushiywa. Impendulo yeemvakalelo kolu loyiko ihlala inoloyiko kunye noxinzelelo.

Jonga kwakhona:


Nazi ezinye izigaba zoqhawulo mtshato

Inqanaba 1- Ihlabathi kubonakala ngathi liphelile

Ixhala

Ukuya kuqhawulo mtshato luhambo olusisiseko. Inkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato ibandakanya uxinzelelo. Ukuxhalaba kunokuhamba nokuphazamiseka kokulala okanye iipateni zokutya. Ngaphandle kombuzo, kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana uqhawulo-mtshato, kuya kufuneka ufunde iindlela zokulwa nokukhathazeka. Ukuxhalaba kuyonakalisa kwaye kwenza ukuba uqhawulo-mtshato lube lukhulu ngakumbi.

Uxinzelelo

Ukwehla kokutya kunye nokunyusa ixesha lokulala kunxulumene nokudakumba. Zombini unxunguphalo kunye noxinzelelo zibonakaliso zokothuka kunye namava aqhelekileyo kumanqanaba oqhawulo mtshato. Rhoqo ngeli xesha abathengi baya kunika ingxelo yokuba abakwazi ukugxila kwimisebenzi yomsebenzi okanye ukuqhubeka nokuncokola nabantu. Banokufumana iinyembezi ngokukhawuleza okanye umsindo.

Umsindo

Abanye abantu baxela ukuba bahlala bephulukana nokulawula umsindo kwaye, ngenxa yoko kamva kubonakala ngathi sisizathu esingabalulekanga, kuqhuma ngokukhawuleza komsindo.

Ubumdaka

Uninzi lwabantu luva iimvakalelo zokuba ndindisholo okanye ukungabikho kweemvakalelo zokuzama ukuhamba kumanqanaba angaziwayo oqhawulo-mtshato. Ubungqindilili yindlela yokuguqula okanye ukuphika iimvakalelo, ezinokuthi, ukuba zinamava, zibe nzima kakhulu ukuba zingaphathwa ngumntu.

Ukuzithemba ngokweemvakalelo

Rhoqo ngexesha leNqanaba 1, umntu uyaphambuka phakathi kwezi mvakalelo- ukuziva enexhala kuqala, emva koko abe nomsindo, emva koko abe ndindisholo. Kwabaninzi, ezi mvakalelo zihlala zidityaniswa neemvakalelo zethemba ngobomi babo obutsha. Eli nqanaba lokothuka lokwahlukana linokuhlala naphi na ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi.

Ukuziva unetyala nomsindo

Rhoqo elinye iqabane lifuna uqhawulo-mtshato ngaphezu kolunye. Umntu oshiyekileyo uhlala ethwele uxanduva olukhulu lokuziva enetyala kunye nokuzibek 'ityala, ngelixa iqabane elishiyekileyo lisenokuziva linomsindo ngakumbi, libuhlungu, lizisizile, kunye nokugweba omnye. Bobabini aba bantu babandezeleka ngexesha elinye lamanqanaba amaninzi oqhawulo-mtshato.

Ukuza kudibana nokuphela komtshato

Ingxaki ephambili yeNqanaba 1 kubantu abaninzi ibandakanya ukuza kwinto yokuba umtshato uyaphela. Umsebenzi weemvakalelo zomntu okweli nqanaba lenkqubo yokuqhawula umtshato kukwamkela ubunyani bokwahlukana.

Inqanaba 2- Ukufumana uninzi lweemvakalelo

Iimvakalelo ezingalindelekanga ezihamba kunye nenqanaba loqhawulo mtshato

Kungekudala emva kothuko lokwahlukana, omnye unokuqala ukufumana uninzi lweemvakalelo, enye isenzeka kanye emva komnye. Ngomzuzu omnye abantu banokuziva bekhululekile ngokuphila kwabo okutsha, kwaye emva komzuzu banokuzifumana belila, bekhumbula abo babetshate nabo. Kungekudala emva koko, bekhumbula isiganeko esibi okanye impikiswano, banokuziva benomsindo. Ekuphela kwento enokuqikelelwa kweli nqanaba kukungaqiniseki kweemvakalelo.

Iskena

Abantu bazakukhumbula malunga nento engahambanga kakuhle kwimitshato yabo, ngubani obekek 'ityala, yeyiphi eyabo indima ekusileleni. Bavuyela awona maxesha mahle emtshatweni kwaye balilela ukuphulukana nezinto ezisondeleyo. Ukuskena kunokunika ukuqonda okwakhayo kwiipateni zabo kubudlelwane. Ngale ndlela, inokuba ngamava axabisekileyo okufunda.

Ukuphulukana nesizungu

Ngeli nqanaba, umntu unokufumana ilahleko kunye nesizungu, ngokufanayo nento ahlangabezana nayo umntu xa kusweleke umntu amthandayo. Ubulolo bunokuzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezininzi. Abanye banokuthi bangenzi nto kwaye bazenze bodwa, barhoxe kunxibelelwano lwabantu. Abanye banokufumana uhlobo olusebenzayo lobulolo. Endaweni yokuhlala ekhaya, banokuya kwiindawo zokutyela ezindala, badlule kwikhaya lamaqabane abo, okanye basuke kwenye ibar eyodwa baye kwenye, belangazelela intuthuzelo kubulolo babo.

Ngeli xesha, nazo naziphi na iimvakalelo ezingalunganga kunye neemvakalelo umntu ajamelana nazo njengomntwana, ezinje ngexhala lokwahlukana, ukuzithemba okuphantsi okanye iimvakalelo zokungabi naxabiso, zinokuphinda zivele, zibangele uxinzelelo olukhulu kulowo mntu.

Imincili

Kwelinye icala, kwiSigaba 2 banokuba namaxesha okuvuya. Abanye abantu abaqhawula umtshato baziva beziva bakhululekile, benyusa inkululeko yobuqu, besanda kufumana ubuchule kwaye befaka amandla emvakalelo kubo ngaphambili awayejolise emtshatweni. Eli lelinye lamanqanaba okuqhawula umtshato.

Ngokuhlwa ngaphandle kweemvakalelo

Lilonke, inqanaba 2 kukubona okwenziwe ngokweemvakalelo, okubonakaliswa ikakhulu kukungqubana kwengqondo. Imisebenzi yeemvakalelo zomntu ngexesha elinye lala manqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato kukufezekisa inkcazo yokwenyani yokuba umelwe yintoni umtshato wabo, indima yabo yayiyintoni kulondolozo lwabo, kunye noxanduva lwabo kukusilela kwabo. Eli lelinye lawona mngeni ucelomngeni kodwa ekugqibeleni uneziqhamo.

Ingozi kukuba abantu abaqhawule umtshato kwiNqanaba 2 banokucinga ukuba okona kubi kuphelile kukudakumba kwakhona. Ngelishwa, isarha yeemvakalelo zeli nqanaba (kunye namanye amanqanaba) yenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukusebenza namagqwetha, ukwenza izigqibo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ube ngumzali osebenzayo.

Inqanaba 3- Ukuqala kokutshintsha kwesazisi

Ukungafani kweSigaba 3 kunokubandakanya utshintsho kwisazisi somntu. Ngeendlela ezininzi, le yeyona nto inoxinzelelo lwengqondo kwinkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato. Ukutshata yeyona nto iphambili yokuzazisa. Abantu ababini bangena kubudlelwane bobabini ohlukeneyo kwaye emva koko bayakha isazisi sesibini malunga nokuba bangobani kwaye bakuphi kwaye balunga njani emhlabeni. Xa ubudlelwane babo buphela, banokuziva bedidekile kwaye benoloyiko, ngokungathi abasenaso isicatshulwa esibaxelela indlela yokuziphatha.

Ngeli xesha umntu oqhawula umtshato ujongene notshintsho olukhulu kwindlela yokuqonda. Rhoqo ngeli xesha, banokuzama ukubonwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, bezama ukufumana okulungeleyo kubo. Ngamanye amaxesha ngeli xesha, abantu abadala baya kwinqanaba lesibini lokufikisa. Ngokufana nokufikisa kwabo, abantu banokuba nexhala kakhulu malunga nendlela abajongeka ngayo, nendlela abavakala ngayo. Banokuthenga iimpahla ezintsha okanye imoto entsha.

Uninzi lomzabalazo umntu omdala ahlangabezana nawo njengolutsha lunokuphinda luvele kwaye unokuzibona uzama ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba uza kuyiphatha njani inkanuko yesini okanye xa uza kuwanga ubusuku obuhle. Abantu banokuzibandakanya kwizilingo zesondo njengoko bezama ukujonga ubuni babo obutsha ngaphandle komtshato. Oku kufaneleka njengenye yezigaba zokuzihlolisisa zoqhawulo-mtshato ezinokuthi zikhokelele ekufumaneni nasekufundeni okutsha.

Ukwenza utshintsho ngengqondo

Umsebenzi weemvakalelo womntu oqhawula umtshato kweli nqanaba kukwenza utshintsho lwengqondo ekubeni "utshatile" ukuya ekubeni "ungatshatanga" kwakhona. Olu tshintsho lwesazisi, kwabaninzi, yeyona nto inzima ngokwasemoyeni kunye noxinzelelo kwinkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato.

Inqanaba 4- Ukufumanisa 'wena' omtsha

Ukwamkelwa

Iimpawu zeNqanaba lesi-4: Okokugqibela (kwaye ixesha liyahluka ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka eliqela), abantu abaqhawula umtshato bangena kwinqanaba le-4 kwaye baziva bekhululekile kwaye besamkelwa malunga nemeko yabo. Emva kwethutyana, baqala ukufumana amandla amatsha kunye nokufezekisa. Elona nxalenye likhulu, kweli nqanaba, abantu baziva banelisekile yindlela yabo yokuphila kwaye abasaphili kwizinto ezidlulileyo. Ngoku banoluvo lokuqonda kunye nolwazi ngeemfuno zabo.

Ukusombulula ilahleko

Nangona uninzi lweemvakalelo ezibangelwa luqhawulo-mtshato zibuhlungu kwaye zingonwabisi, ekugqibeleni zikhokelela ekusombululeni ilahleko ukuze, ukuba umntu unqwenela, uya kuba nakho ngokwasemoyeni ukubuyisela ubudlelwane obusondeleyo.

Kwinqanaba 4 iimvakalelo zempilo-ntle ziqala ukuthatha indawo ephambili kwiimvakalelo zoxinzelelo kunye nomsindo. Ukwahlukanisa abantu bayakwazi ukulandela ulangazelelo lwabo kwaye bababeke abo babetshate kunye nemitshato ngendlela abaziva bekhululekile ngayo.

Igama malunga nonyango kunye noqhawulo-mtshato

Indlela yokufumana umtshato? Ngaba unyango sisitshixo sokunceda ukutshintsha kunye nokufumana uqhawulo mtshato? Uxinzelelo lwasemva koqhawulo-mtshato lunokuthatha uxanduva emntwini ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa.

Ngelixa abantu abaninzi beziva bekhululekile ngexesha nasemva koqhawulo-mtshato, abanye abaninzi baneengxaki ezahlukeneyo ekuphelisweni kwemitshato yabo, bezabalaza ukumelana nezigaba zoqhawulo-mtshato kwaye bejonga iimpendulo kumbuzo othi, "indlela yokufumana uqhawulo mtshato?" . Ngamanye amaxesha abo bafumana ukungakhululeki okugqithisileyo abadluli kumanqanaba oqhawulo mtshato kunye namava okusonjululwa. Abanye abantu bayabambeka.

Nangona uninzi lwabantu luya kuxhamla kunyango ngelixa lihamba ngolu tshintsho lukhulu, abo 'babambekayo' kumanqanaba okuqhawula umtshato banokufumana unyango oluluncedo. Ngokucacileyo, elinye lamanyathelo okuqhawula umtshato kukufumana ingcali elungileyo, ekufutshane nje ekufumaneni igqwetha elifanelekileyo loqhawulo-mtshato. Ingcali elungileyo inokukunceda woyise iintlungu ngexesha leemvakalelo zoqhawulo-mtshato.

Amadoda noqhawulo-mtshato amanqanaba eemvakalelo

Nokuba ngamanqanaba oqhawulo-mtshato kwindoda okanye umfazi, inkqubo ebuhlungu yokupheliswa komtshato ithatha umthwalo kubo bobabini. Ihlala icingelwa kuluntu lwethu loosolusapho ukuba indoda kufuneka iyifunxe kwaye ingabonisi lusizi. Oku kunokuba yingozi kwimpilo yengqondo yayo nayiphi na indoda efumana amanqanaba okuphilisa ngoqhawulo-mtshato.

Indoda ifumana ukungakholelwa njengesiqendu sokuqala soqhawulo-mtshato, isuka kumanqanaba onyango oqhawulo-mtshato, ukwala, ukothuka, umsindo, iintlungu noxinzelelo ngaphambi kokuba iphinde ibenze ubomi bayo.

Ndisazibuza indlela yokufumana uqhawulo mtshato? Khumbula ukuba kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo osizi emva koqhawulo-mtshato. Ngoncedo lwethemba elixhaphakileyo kunye nonyango, uya kuba nakho ukugqiba umkhondo wendlela ukusuka ezantsi "Ndiza kufa ndedwa" kuye phezulu "ndingazithatha ekugqibeleni iziqwenga kwaye ndiphile ubomi bam ngolonwabo kwakhona".